What is defined as a loss in signal amplitude, or strength, that occurs as a signal passes through a transmission medium and interconnecting devices?

The term that describes a loss in signal amplitude or strength as a signal travels through a transmission medium and interconnecting devices is attenuation. In telecommunication and networking, attenuation refers to the gradual reduction in power of the signal as it propagates through a medium such as cables, fiber optics, or even through air.

Factors contributing to attenuation include the physical properties of the medium, the distance the signal must travel, and any connectors or devices the signal encounters along the way. This loss can significantly impact the quality and reliability of data transmission, necessitating techniques such as amplification or repeaters to restore signal strength in longer-distance communications. Understanding attenuation is crucial for designing effective communication systems and for troubleshooting signal degradation issues.