Which of the following is managed by the operating system?

The operating system is responsible for managing various essential components of computer functionality, and the first choice encompasses several critical tasks that fall under its domain. Keyboard input involves receiving and interpreting user commands through the keyboard, which the operating system coordinates to ensure that applications can process user input appropriately. Similarly, screen display management is handled by the operating system, which directs how information is rendered on the monitor, including the graphical user interface elements that users interact with.

File input/output (I/O) management is another key function of the operating system, as it oversees the reading from and writing to storage devices, ensuring that data is properly accessed and organized. This includes managing data files and their organization on disk drives. Finally, peripheral control refers to the operation and integration of external devices, such as printers or scanners, which the operating system manages to facilitate seamless interaction between the hardware and software.

While the other options may involve aspects related to computing, they do not primarily fall under the direct management of the operating system. Application software and system utilities are tools and programs that operate under the umbrella of the operating system but are not managed by it in the same capacity. Database management and user profiles are tasks that typically reside at a higher application level, while data encryption and security firewalls