NCTI Field Tech IV Progression Practice Exam

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• In data networking, which term is defined as "Signals may flow in either direction, but not simultaneously"?
• What does a repeater do when it receives a bit pattern at its input?
• Which protocol has a header of 5 bytes and a trailer of 3 bytes?
• What is considered the most important troubleshooting question?
• Which of the following is not a layer of the TCP/IP protocol stack?
• What are three important functions provided by a bridge along with forwarding and learning?
• Transport Layer processes work with transmission channels using multiplexing and which other technique?
• In networking, what does DSP in H.323 stand for?
• Which device is known to isolate traffic in an Ethernet network?
• What is happening in step 8 of the SS7-VOIP Gateway Call Progress?
• An Application Layer utility transmits network administration and control messages between nodes. Which service should it use?
• Which of the following are two types of domain names?
• Which of the following statements about switches is true?
• What is the term used to describe segmenting traffic between different portions of a single LAN?
• What is a primary function of the QSIG protocol?
• Which type of address is unique anywhere in the world?
• Which of the following is an example of a Network Layer protocol?
• Which DSCP bits can administrators use to define custom DiffServ packet PHBs?
• Which layer within the TCP/IP model delivers packets to their destination across multiple networks?
• The Session Layer is primarily concerned with which of the following?
• Which of the following is kept in a computer's Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) cache?
• What is the primary function of Subscriber Line Carrier (SLC) circuits?
• Which ISDN protocol is used for signaling between networked PBXs?
• Which of the following is managed by the operating system?
• In large networks, how do most routers obtain their routing tables?
• What device is essential for connecting a non-ISDN device to an ISDN network?
• What is a typical characteristic of a sound card?
• What is a recommended action when large workgroups create broadcast containment issues?
• What technology enables the transport of computer data over analog telephone local loops?
• Which of the following will not occur at the Physical Layer?
• Which two TCP/IP tools can be used to force a workstation to renew its DHCP lease?
• What is the purpose of the ACK message in TCP?
• What functionality does a CO DACS provide?
• What is another name for "Thicknet" or "yellow wire" that includes additional shielding?
• A sound card is what general type of computer component?
• Zones maintain domain name information in which record types?
• What function does the Data Link Layer perform in networking?
• Which best describes the UDP demultiplexing process?
• Which of the following are two primary types of light sources in fiber optic cables?
• Which of the following is a function of hubs and repeaters?
• Which of the following describes a characteristic of Point-to-Point Protocol?
• What does the IEEE 802.3 standard define?
• At which point in a one-way, multiple hop, end-to-end IP communications session will a frame have to be built?
• Which tool can display TCP/IP configuration settings on a Windows machine?
• What is the fourth basic technique used whenever different layers of protocols work together?
• Which term is designated for the flow of audio or visual data to a device?
• How many unique addresses are supported by IP version 6?
• According to 10BaseT wiring rules, what is the maximum segment length without a repeater?
• Which type of media can ATM run over?
• QSIG supports which of the following ISDN supplementary services?
• Which layer is responsible for error detection and correction?
• Which type of security threat are voice mail systems particularly vulnerable to?
• Which term does not match the others: Common Channel Signaling, Signaling System 7, Integrated Services Digital Network?
• In the context of networking, what does ARP stand for?
• Are collisions normal on CSMA/CD LANs?
• What is the primary function of Domain Name System (DNS)?
• What is the unit of data transferred by an ATM network?
• In which scenario are bridges particularly necessary?
• What components are most common to all computer systems?
• Which of the following uses UDP services?
• Which solution is more economical than using regular long distance service and enables companies to route telephone calls over their data network?
• Central offices are primarily connected to which of the following?
• What is the most popular LAN Data Link Layer technology?
• What does the service code 411 typically represent?
• At which OSI layer do bridges operate?
• What does the term jitter refer to in a network?
• What common voice issue can occur on the PSTN due to network delay?
• Which MS-DOS command-line utility is the quickest way to check if a computer is connected to a TCP/IP network?
• What is the first troubleshooting step to take when a hub port status indicator shows a problem?
• What device allows multiple telephone extensions to access a group of single telephone lines?
• Which Microsoft Windows utility shows a computer's IP addressing and connectivity settings?
• At what layer does a repeater operate in the OSI model?
• Which protocol operates at the Transport Layer to ensure reliable transmission?
• An MG consists of which two components?
• What is the unique ID number coordinated by the IEEE used by network interface cards?
• Which of the following provides a mechanism to prioritize traffic in DiffServ?
• Which protocol is considered a connectionless Transport Layer protocol?
• What might signal that changes have occurred in a network that requires troubleshooting?
• What function does a router primarily serve within a network?
• How much bandwidth in a T1 circuit is dedicated to control information?
• Which command shows the path between source and destination in a TCP/IP network?
• In the IP address 128.18.72.24:80, what does the number 80 represent?
• What does echo in voice technology indicate?
• At which OSI model layer do hubs and repeaters function?
• What type of routing allows network administrators to specify additional information sources for the routing table and network model?
• What is the primary purpose of a Transport Layer protocol?
• What is the purpose of the Signaling System 7 (SS7) protocol?
• In addition to static and dynamic routing, what is the third type of indirect routing?
• Which QoS parameter might most concern us considering the Internet's "best effort" delivery nature?
• The header of an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) message includes a Type field. What does the type field "14" represent?
• What is the second step in troubleshooting a network problem?
• The CD in CSMA/CD stands for the ability to do what?
• Which ITU-T H.323 component is used for real-time bi-directional multimedia communications?
• Which OSI model layers are concerned primarily with applications?
• What feature of a PBX system is responsible for logging all incoming and outgoing calls?
• Why is ATM advantageous for multimedia applications?
• What best describes the function of frame relay in networking?
• Which of the following cable types can transmit data farthest?
• In the context of network connectivity issues, what does 'select the most probable cause' refer to?
• What is the purpose of port numbers in network communication?
• Which of the following acronyms refers to a forwarding behavior a node applies to a packet based on its condition?
• During what process is an IP packet analyzed to determine its route?
• Which command is used to request the network address from a DHCP server?
• Which layer provides services to user applications?
• In a network installation, why is it crucial to have a baseline performance metric?
• Does ATM require fiber media to operate effectively?
• What determines how fast a CPU can process data?
• Which Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) mode is designed for large, densely populated multicast groups?
• What is defined as a loss in signal amplitude, or strength, that occurs as a signal passes through a transmission medium and interconnecting devices?
• How many bits in the 802.1p header identify the frame's priority, and how many frame classes does the standard define?
• Which component of the SS7 network is responsible for storing customer information in databases?
• In networking, what does DHCP stand for?
• When is UTP cable preferred over STP?
• The modified IP header ToS byte supports which QoS mechanism?
• A Ping command uses which ICMP message types?
• Which layer of the OSI protocol stack is responsible for handling frames?
• Which application is associated with the well-known port number 53?
• When signaling occurs over a separate path from the analog voice signal, it is known as?
• How are bits represented on fiber optic cable?
• What best describes ISDN DSS1?
• Which two sources are responsible for H.323 network voice transmission delays?
• What is an advantage of using an intranet?
• Which scenario typically requires a gateway?
• An Application Layer process needs to transmit data with as little overhead as possible. Which Transport Layer protocol should this process use?
• Which type of cable uses a T-connector to connect each NIC to the cable?
• In a Class A Internet address, which of the following network numbers are reserved?
• The 802.1Q standard is primarily associated with what networking concept?
• What is the expected performance improvement in an Ethernet network when hubs are replaced?
• Which type of network topology provides the most redundancy?
• What tool should you use to change the address of the default gateway on a Linux server?
• What is the digital network used to create the route a call takes called?
• Which class of internet address provides the fewest network numbers, but the greatest number of hosts per network?
• Which tool would you use to verify the connectivity of a network device quickly?
• In which scenario would you prefer using TCP over UDP?
• What process allows network administrators to create smaller network addresses from a single network address?
• In terms of network efficiency, which of the following is a primary advantage of using a switch over a hub?
• What does the acronym UTP stand for?
• Which choices are TCP features?
• Which commands and IP fields does Tracert utilize for its operations?
• Which Layer uses port numbers for communications?
• What device cannot effectively break up LAN broadcast traffic?
• In the context of OSI, what is the primary role of the Network Layer?
• What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number "14"?
• The DiffServ specifies that how many bits in the modified IP ToS field are used to designate the packet's PHB?
• Which network device operates primarily to separate collision domains?
• True or False: Frame headers and packet headers contain addresses.
• In what part of a building would you typically find punch-down blocks?
• Which speed is not supported by Ethernet?
• Each wire of a local loop is commonly referred to as what?
• A NIC is a device used for:
• Which of the following hardware devices is responsible for building a frame?
• What do you call a line that connects a customer's site through a CO to a remote CO in another part of the country?
• What is the primary difference between public and private networks?
• What does the CS in CSMA/CD refer to in Ethernet?
• The Transport Layer is not concerned with which of the following?
• What networking layer is responsible for the logical addressing of devices?
• Which Quality of Service (QoS) parameter is defined as a variable delay that can be measured in different ways?
• Which of the following is most typical of a broadband network?
• What describes the bandwidth capacity of a single FT1?
• What is the main difference between a standard switch and a bridge?
• Which command is used to display network configuration and routing information on a Unix/Linux system?
• Which of the following tools is not typically part of a standard TCP/IP implementation?
• MGCP is also known as what type of protocol?
• What do bridges require that hubs and repeaters do not?
• At which OSI layer do switches operate?
• What can distort analog signals on copper cable?
• Which of the following protocols is commonly used in the Session Layer?
• Which network topology connects devices to a shared straight-line cable?
• Which of the following best describes the function of a NIC?
• Which statement is true regarding the differences between hubs and switches in a network?
• To resolve Fully Qualified Domain Names (FQDNs) to binary IP addresses, resolvers contact which type of TCP/IP application server?
• Which procedure can help confirm if a specific cable type is functioning properly?
• Two CPUs have the same size data bus. Which one will process data faster?
• What VLAN tagging standard header does IEEE 802.1p modify to identify Ethernet frame priority?
• Which of the following is an example of a Transport Layer protocol?
• In the scenario of a new installation with no previous working status, what is the next troubleshooting step after identifying the affected area?
• What is the default voice digitization rate for PCM?
• The Network Layer is to packet as the Data Link Layer is to:
• What is the main reason for the creation of IP version 6?
• The Presentation Layer does which of the following?
• An Ethernet LAN that uses UTP cabling and a hub is referred to as what type of topology?
• Which device is best represented as a hub in an Ethernet network?
• What is a potential cause of echo in VoIP communications?
• Which IP version is known for using a significantly larger address space than its predecessor?
• At what OSI model layer does DiffServ operate?
• What defines a private, internal network using Internet tools and protocols?
• Is a frame relay network more cost-effective compared to a T1 mesh for connecting multiple locations?
• Which protocol is ideal for streaming services due to minimal overhead?
• Which command provides information about all network connections and listening ports?
• Which DHCP network address allocation mechanism assigns a host a temporary IP address?
• Which of the following requires a laser transmitter?
• What causes light to refract when it travels through a fiber-optic cable?
• What is a dedicated CO circuit that links two points called?
• At what speed does a T1 circuit transmit data?
• Which ISDN feature allows for multiple calls to be transferred to another line?
• Which Fast Ethernet standard allows sending frames at 100 Mbps over Category 5E UTP or fiber optic cabling?
• If you suspect that a crossover cable has been mistakenly used, which method can help identify it?
• What is a main function of a bridge in network traffic management?
• What is a major limitation when using standard Ethernet in a heavily loaded network?
• What method in SIP terminology is defined as a message that terminates a session by either endpoint?
• What is the term for the connection between switching systems?
• At what point does end-to-end delay in a voice conversation generally become unacceptable?
• What additional function does the Presentation Layer perform apart from managing data formats?
• What is a common use of backup and recovery utilities in networking?
• What method can be employed to reduce H.323 voice transmission delays?
• In data networking, what term describes the characteristics of a transmission link?
• What is another name for a Central Office (CO)?
• Which best describes IP's use of the TTL value?
• What is the primary purpose of bandpass filtering on a POTS line?
• Which connector type is used with Thinnet coaxial cable?
• What is generally a required action if latency exceeds acceptable levels in a VoIP setup?
• How large is the IP version 4 address field?
• What term describes the number of wave crests that pass a fixed point during a particular period of time?
• After entering "arp" in the MS-DOS command line, which switch would display the ARP cache?
• Which of the following SIP functions is defined as determining if an endpoint is available and willing to participate in a call?
• What services does the SS7 ISUP protocol provide?
• Which tool confirms connectivity between hosts?
• Which protocol is used as a simple file transfer method that operates over UDP?
• What is the primary function of CSMA/CD in a network?
• Which command shows the IP address assigned to a PC running Windows XP / 7?
• What type of data does a signaling control point typically manage within an SS7 network?
• What are the two primary classifications of bridges?
• When troubleshooting a network, why is it important to establish symptoms first?
• Which of the following best represents a logical address?
• What problem can occur if a network contains an active loop?
• What purpose does a terminal adaptor serve in networking?
• Data security, data compression, and what else are the three main services that the Presentation Layer provides?
• Which type of network service operates at the Data Link Layer and is connection-oriented?
• Which two solutions can be employed to mitigate jitter problems in a VoIP network?
• Can switches switch two frames simultaneously?
• Which of the following is not considered a QoS parameter?
• What aspect does Quality of Service (QoS) focus on in data networking?
• Which tagging method supports thousands of VLANs?
• Which of the following best describes the importance of prioritizing network voice traffic?
• What application manages internet resources and transmits them in response to web browser requests?
• Which of the following is a Class C IP address?
• What does a successful DNS lookup return?
• What does a CO DACS primarily enhance in telecommunications?
• What does the physical connection linking a telephone to the CO switch refer to?
• Are WANs increasingly moving away from switched services towards dedicated network services?
• What should you use to inspect the IP address of a Windows operating system PC?
• How do bridges and Layer 2 switches filter traffic?
• Which term describes the time it takes for a packet to move through a network?
• What is the primary limitation of using coaxial cable for networking?
• What is the definition of a broadcast frame?
• What type of voice mail security issue is characterized by unauthorized access and potential monetary loss?
• Why is call control signaling important in telecommunications?
• What is the most accurate analogy for Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD)?
• What are the three basic functions of a telephone switch when processing calls?
• What is the primary function of a Gatekeeper in an H.323 network?
• Which is a network management software typically used by network administrators when the network is lightly used?
• Which WAN service typically offers the highest bandwidth?
• What is the term for using two tones to signal switching equipment?
• Which tool tells you the distance, in hops, to the destination computer?
• What is another term for a Class 5 office that connects individual subscribers to the telephone network?
• What is typically assessed first when troubleshooting network issues?
• At which OSI layer do routers operate?
• Which description best fits the copper cabling used to connect homes and businesses to the nearest CO?
• Which of the following network topologies forms a closed loop?
• What is the first step in troubleshooting a network?
• How does DHCP pass configuration information to TCP/IP hosts?
• Which command helps display the routing table in a TCP/IP network?
• What does I/O stand for?
• What is the primary purpose of a Data Link Layer protocol?
• The H.323 component that provides capabilities such as billing, authentication, and accounting is a _________?
• What is the maximum speed of Ethernet as defined by the Fast Ethernet standard?
• What type of network is supported by a public telecommunication switching system like a frame relay cloud?
• Which of the following activities occur at the Application Layer?
• According to the North American Numbering Plan (NANP), what does the "803" in 803-550-0000 represent?
• Which technology typically minimizes end-to-end delay in voice communication?
• What type of address does IPv6 primarily aim to provide?
• Which term describes a set of device-to-device paths through the network with only one path between any two devices?
• Which specification provides a standard definition of Ethernet VLANs?
• What key advantage does fiber-optic cable have over copper cable?
• What is the primary purpose of a device driver?
• Which layers are primarily concerned with moving raw data?
• Admission control protocols, authentication mechanisms, and _______ are ways communication networks provide admission control.
• When a CO switch provides business telephone switching services, it is referred to as what?
• In network technology, what does the term 'bandwidth' refer to?
• What characteristic distinguishes UDP from TCP?
• What occurs when a router forwards data packets from one network to another?
• What is the primary purpose of a Physical Layer protocol?